What is the concept of the global commons?
Global commons have been traditionally defined as those parts of the planet that fall outside national jurisdictions and to which all nations have access. International law identifies four global commons, namely the High Seas, the Atmosphere, the Antarctica and the Outer Space.
What are global commons examples?
International law defines traditionally five global commons: high seas, the deep-sea bed, the atmosphere, Antarctica and Outer Space. Recently, this list has been extended and also includes new resources such as the subsurface, which is increasingly being used as an energy resource and storage space.
What is meant by protection of global commons?
The protection of global commons means the areas or regions of the world which are located outside the sovereign jurisdiction of any one state, and therefore require common governance by the international community. These are earth’s atmosphere, Antarctica, the ocean floor and outer space.
What are global commons apes?
Global commons are resources that are used by people all around the world, but they are not being used wisely because we are using the resources faster than they can be replenished. 9.
What makes Antarctica a global common?
It is generally recognised as a global commons, both by the members to the Antarctic Treaty, to non-member states and to the general population globally. Antarctica is a more concrete, physical space than other global commons, such as outer space, and it has, and is, actively dealing with the issue of sovereignty.
What are examples of commons?
Traditional examples of commons include forests, fisheries, or groundwater resources, but increasingly we see the term commons used for a broader set of domains, such as knowledge commons, digital commons, urban commons, health commons, cultural commons, etc.
What are global commons problems?
The result can be overexploitation— overfishing, overgrazing, excessive extraction of groundwater, and overuse of the commons are examples. The defining and protection of the commons cause considerable problems within the boundaries of countries.
Why is Antarctica vulnerable as a global common?
Due to the environment and the resources in Antarctica, the idea of this hub of resources being a ‘common’ for all makes it vulnerable. This is especially true due to the demand in resources such as fossil fuels, minerals, and fish.
When did Antarctica become a global commons?
Since entering into force on 23 June 1961, the Treaty has been recognised as one of the most successful international agreements.
What are the global commons?
If you have, you might know that these are known as the global commons. The High seas, the Atmosphere, Outer space and Antarctica are the four supra-national spaces that all nations have access. Imagine that everyone can use or take as much as they want to without control, it would be a complete disaster.
Why are global commons under threat?
Nowadays these global commons are under threat because of the advances in science and technology since it is easy to have greater access to natural resources and it is also easier to go to outer space. Also, new activities have been introduced to these areas with no regulation to control its uses.
What are the environmental challenges outside the global commons?
As you might remember, our world is a big system in which all its parts interrelate to one another, so every environmental challenge outside the global commons also affects them such as climate change, depletion of the ozone layer and global warming.
How has the pressure on the Global Commons increased over time?
The pressure on the global commons have increased due to public and private interests, and demand for resources, which have caused overexploitation.